Falklands have never been part of Argentina and Islanders overwhelmingly voted to remain British

Respecting territorial integrity is a key cornerstone of diplomatic relations between the United Kingdom and other Members of the United Nations. The UK respects the right of every independent nation to have an opinion, but it is imperative that those opinions reflect the facts and international law. Otherwise, as history has shown, the consequences for peace, stability and constructive relations can be severe.

The facts are straightforward: The Falklands have never been part of Argentina and never will be until the residents of those Islands (comprised of 33 nationalities, including Argentine) decide they want that. Their opinion is clear: 99.8% voted for the Falkland Islands to remain a British Overseas Territory (ie part of the United Kingdom) in March’s referendum. So that is what they will remain. Just because the Falkland Islands’ nearest neighbor is Argentina (400 miles away) does not make the Falklands Argentine. Expanding such thinking leads to unjustified and unjustifiable claims by others to sovereign territory. Imagine the consequences if every country said that any land 400 miles from its internationally recognized border was theirs? Most countries, including Guyana and the United Kingdom, would cease to exist.

International law is also straightforward: Peoples’ right to self-determination is inalienable and outlined in the UN Charter; indeed the exercising of those rights is what led to the independence of many countries in the Caribbean. The UK Government and Falkland Islands representatives support dialogue on the Falklands. That is why Mr. Mike Summers, member of the elected Falklands Legislative Assembly visited Guyana in March; to have discussions with the Government of Guyana. It was a pity that previously arranged meetings were cancelled at very short notice meaning an opportunity to sit down, talk and try to find a solution was lost. However sovereignty will only be discussed when the Falkland Islanders themselves want it. That is their right. And as they are British citizens, the UK will protect that right.

There have been several UN resolutions on the Falklands over the years. Non-binding UNGA resolution 2065 (1965) did indeed call for negotiations with a view to finding a peaceful resolution. But that in no way precludes the right to self-determination as outlined in the UN Charter, something which Argentina continues to overlook by refusing to acknowledge the inalienable rights of the Islanders. Binding UN Security Council Resolution 502 (1982) referred to the need for immediate withdrawal of all Argentine forces from the Falkland Islands. As history showed, Argentina ignored that resolution meaning military action to remove an illegally occupying force, whilst regrettable, became both necessary and legal. You cannot have your cake and eat it.
 

Preserving independence for the Falklands

 Falkland Islanders celebrating results of the March referendum (Pic by T.Chater)

In 1776, a group of American patriots wrote a letter to their king informing him they were unhappy with their political status and had plans to change it. Americans know this story well. That letter, the Declaration of Independence, formed the United States' profound belief that we all have “certain unalienable rights,” including “life, liberty and the pursuit of happiness.

Thousands of miles from U.S. shores, 3,000 Falkland Islanders, including me, are being denied those same rights. Like those brave patriots, we wish to choose our political status and how we are governed. However, the lifestyle our ancestors established for us nine generations ago is being threatened by a country that seeks to redefine our islands and our history. Under its constitution, Argentina will accept nothing other than full sovereignty and control of our homeland, rejecting our inalienable rights to determine our political, economic and cultural future.

This week, one of my fellow Falkland Islanders and I are meeting with members of Congress to share our story. Last week, we were in New York for the annual meeting of the United Nations Committee on De-Colonization, which is charged with assisting territories that are not self-governing with achieving a political status that is acceptable to them. It is not the purpose of the committee to have an opinion on the sovereignty of a territory. Yet sadly, every year the committee engages in a distracting argument over sovereignty based on deliberate distortions spread by the Argentine government, rather than a discussion about our right to self-determination.

In March, we held a referendum on our political status. We sent a clear message to the world — with a 92 percent turnout, 99.8 percent of voters chose to retain our status as an overseas territory of the United Kingdom. For the first time in our long history, there can be no misinterpretation as to how we feel about our relationship with Britain. It is a relationship that has evolved over centuries, and one that we are proud to maintain. Ours is a modern relationship, based on mutual respect and democratic values.

We did not hold the referendum because we had any doubts about who we are or what future we desire. We held it to show the world just how very certain we are about our wishes. The Argentine government dismissed our referendum before a single vote was cast, and it continues to do so. It repeatedly calls for dialogue, but is not prepared to speak with the democratic representatives of the Falkland Islands. The Argentine foreign minister made very clear his government's disrespect toward our people and our rights when he stated plainly that the Falkland Islands people do not exist. All we desire is normal neighbourly relations with Argentina, as with all nations.

We Falkland Islanders have opened a new chapter in our history, one that looks to the future and focuses on building our home for future generations. We will continue to focus on growing our economy through the sustainable management of fisheries, tourism and agriculture, and we will strive to develop our oil industry in an environmentally responsible manner. We will continue to place the highest value on health and education and helping our young people to reach their full potential. In an uncertain world, this is, sadly, not a future we are currently able to realize freely and without threat.
It is time for those nations around the world who respect human rights and democracy, and who are not afraid to stand up for justice and freedom, to lend us their support, too. In the spirit of the Fourth of July, we Falkland Islanders demand the right to pursue life, liberty and happiness.

(*) Mike Summers is one of eight democratically elected members of the Falkland Islands Legislative Assembly. He is a sixth-generation Falkland Islander and has two eighth-generation grandchildren.